HTTP 404 Not Found

A 404 means the page is missing. Fix the ones that matter (pages with backlinks, traffic, or internal links) by redirecting them with a 301 to the closest live equivalent. Ignore the noise (random scraper URLs, /wp-admin probes on a non-WordPress site). A…

What 404 means

HTTP 404 Not Found is the most recognised error code on the web. It tells the client that the server reached but could not find anything matching the requested URL. A 404 does not mean the server is broken — it simply means the path doesn't map to a resource. A small number of 404s is unavoidable (mistyped URLs, expired campaign links, scraper noise). A large or growing number is a warning sign: deleted pages without redirects, broken internal links, a botched migration, or a CMS misconfiguration.

Common causes

How to fix it

SEO impact

High SEO impact. 404s waste crawl budget (Googlebot stops crawling broken paths but keeps re-checking them), drop the link equity of inbound backlinks (a backlink to a 404 page gives you nothing), and erode user trust. Google does not penalise sites for having some 404s — it expects them — but it does penalise sites with a high proportion of broken internal links or large numbers of previously-indexed pages now returning 404 without redirects. Sites that migrate without redirects routinely lose 40-80% of organic traffic.

Monitoring tip

LemWatch crawls your site continuously, catches new 404s the moment they appear, and groups them by source (which page links to the broken URL). It also monitors that pages previously returning 200 don't silently start returning 404 — a classic sign of a botched deploy.

Background

HTTP 404 was defined in the original HTTP/1.0 spec (RFC 1945, 1996) and carried into HTTP/1.1 (RFC 2616, 1999, now obsoleted by RFC 9110). The urban legend that 404 is named after "room 404 at CERN where the original web server lived" is a hoax — the code is simply the fourth defined client-error code (400, 401, 403, 404). The cultural impact is real though: 404 has become shorthand for any missing thing online.

Frequently asked questions

What does HTTP 404 mean?

HTTP 404 Not Found means the server reached successfully but couldn't find anything at the requested URL. It is a client-error code, indicating the URL doesn't map to a resource — not that the server itself is broken.

Why am I seeing 404 errors on my own website?

Usually one of: deleted pages without redirects, a URL structure change during a redesign, broken internal links pointing to old URLs, or bots probing for paths that don't exist. Check Google Search Console under Coverage → Excluded → Not found 404 to see which 404s Google is encountering.

How do I fix a 404 error?

If the page should exist: restore it or redirect (301) the URL to the closest live equivalent. If it shouldn't exist: leave it as a 404, or use 410 Gone to tell Google it's permanently removed. Always fix the source of the link (internal navigation, sitemap, external citation) where possible.

Are 404 errors bad for SEO?

A few are fine — Google expects them. Many are a problem because they waste crawl budget and lose link equity. The real SEO damage comes from migrating a site without redirects, which can erase 40-80% of organic traffic within months.

Should I redirect 404s to the homepage?

No. Google calls this a "soft 404" and treats it as worse than a clean 404 because it pollutes the index with duplicate homepage entries. Redirect each missing URL to its closest specific match, or let it return 404 honestly.

404 vs 410 — which should I use?

404 says "not found right now" (might come back). 410 says "permanently gone" (will not come back). Google deindexes 410 pages faster than 404s. Use 410 for deleted products, retired campaigns, and removed content; use 404 for the catch-all.

What should a good 404 page contain?

A clear message that the page is missing, a working site search box, links to top categories or recent content, a homepage link, and (optionally) a way to report the broken link. Avoid generic "Oops, something went wrong" messaging that doesn't help the user.

Does a 404 hurt my Google ranking?

A single 404 doesn't hurt rankings directly. A pattern of 404s — especially on previously-indexed, link-bearing pages — does. Google interprets it as poor site maintenance and reduces crawl frequency. Fix the high-value 404s and ignore the noise.